Email me: Bertrand.taithe@man.ac.uk
 
 

HI 3060 Democracy and Decadence:
France 1850-1900. (20 Credits)

Last revised 14 September 2001.

Course schedule
    Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Assessment

Essay questions

Examination sample
 
 
 

Course schedule

Teaching arrangements: Thursday 2-4.
 

Teacher: Dr Bertrand Taithe
 

Offered to: Level 3

Aims

• To explore the political culture of France between 1851 and 1900, paying particular attention to the recent debates on the historiography of the second empire, the Paris Commune movement and the fin-de-siècle cultural changes.
• To analyse the development of the practices of democracy in France over the period and the impact of the Franco Prussian war, Commune civil war and fin de siècle spirit on modern France.
• To develop a cogent and well-balanced perspective on the economic, cultural and social developments of France over a particularly traumatic phase of the nineteenth century.
• Through this course the students will gain an historical perspective over an important period in European culture and state formation.
• The students will be encouraged to make use of the sources available in translation and to develop a methodical approach to the broader historical challenges of cultural history.

Syllabus

Seminars:

• Most seminars will be introduced by a student presentation. Because presentations form a crucial element in the teaching and learning process, it is essential that they should be substantial (20-25 minutes), well-informed, and provocative. Each presentation should be accompanied by a photocopied handout (ideally one page of A4) giving some background information but chiefly the outlines of the argument. Each time there is a student presentation, another student will be responsible for leading the discussion, and someone else will be nominated to produce a summary of the presentation and (especially) discussion, and to present it at the beginning of the next week’s seminar. This will provide a link between seminars, which will be especially useful when successive topics are ‘paired’.

Set texts:

• I will indicate the relevant document for each tutorial.  The extensive reading lists provided are meant to enable students to read in preparation for teh tutorial, more specifically a presentation or an essay.  Do not be daunted by the size of the reading list! There are a few books you may want to buy and I will indicate them in the organising meeting in week one.
• There are no set text but several texts and I would encourage students to read as much French literature of the period as possible, especially the works of Emile Zola.  Chapters of his book will be particularly relevant to several of our seminars.  In many instances I have integrated the web pages relevant to sources made available freely on WWW.  All these links are made respecting fully the copyright of the individual authors.  At the time this page was set up all of them were working but please let me know if any of them is no longer operating.  Many books are available at the Bibliothèque nationale site   for Arts visit the WebMuseum.

2. Bonapartism after Napoleon I & the 1848-1851 constitutional crisis

Tutorial Text:

• Marx, Karl, 1818-1883. - The Class Struggles in France
• The eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte / Karl Marx. - 3rd rev. ed. -Moscow : Progress; London : Lawrence & Wishart, 1954.
• Merriman, John M. The Agony of the Republic: The repression of the Left in Revolutionary France, 1848-1851, Yale University Press, 1978.

Additional reading:

• Campbell, Stuart L. - The Second Empire revisited : a study in French historiography. - New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press, 1978.
• Thody, Philip, French Caesarism from Napoleon I to Charles de Gaulle, Macmillan, 1989.
• Thompson, J. M., James Matthew,. - Louis Napoleon and the Second Empire  Oxford : Blackwell, 1954.
• Merriman, John F., The Red City: Limoges and the French Nineteenth Century, Oxford University Press, 1985.
• Alexander, R. S.. - Bonapartism and revolutionary tradition in France : the fédérés of 1815 / R.. -
• Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1991
• Guedalla, Philip, 1889-1944. - The second empire : Bonapartism, The prince, The president, The emperor. - New York; London : G. P. Putnam's sons, 1923.
• Fisher, H. A. L. (Herbert Albert Laurens), 1865-1940. - Bonapartism : six lectures delivered in the University of London. - Oxford : Clarendon press, 1908.
• Tudesq, André Jean. - L'élection présidentielle de Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, 10 décembre 1848. – Paris : Colin, 1965.
• J. F. McMillan, Napoleon III, London , 1991;
• Simpson, F. A.. - Louis Napoleon and the recovery of France. - (s. l.) : Longmans, 1923
• Bury, J. P. T. (John Patrick Tuer), 1908-1987. - Napoleon III and the Second Empire. - London : The English Universities Press, 1964.
• Gooch, G. P., George Peabody, 1873-1968. - The Second Empire. - (London) : Longmans, 1960.
• Plessis, Alain. - The rise and fall of the Second Empire, 1852-1871. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1985.
• Kramer, Lloyd S.. - Threshold of a new world : intellectuals and the exile experience in Paris,. - Ithaca; London : Cornell University Press, 1988.

3. Modernity and Consumerism in the second half of the nineteenth century & Literature and Arts of the new regime: toward mass culture.
Lecture 2: Reforming Society: Hygiene and Politics

Tutorial Text:

• Emile Zola: The Belly of Paris [le Ventre de Paris]; Au Bonheur des Dames
• Bicknell, Anna L.. - Life in the Tuileries under the Second Empire. - [s.l.] : T Fisher Unwin, 1895.
• Rancière, Jacques, ‘The Nights of Labor: The workers’ dream in nineteenth century France, Philadelphia:Temple University Press, 1989.
• Émile Zola: La Curée
• Émile Zola: Nana
• Furlough, Ellen, Consumer Cooperation in France: The Politics of Consumption, 1834-1930, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1991.

• Grant, Elliott Mansfield,  - French poetry and modern industry, 1830-1870  - Cambridge, Ma. : Harvard University Press, 1927.
• Mainardi, Patricia. - Art and politics of the Second Empire : the universal expositions of 1855 – New Haven; London : Yale University Press, 1987.
• Furlough, Ellen, - Consumer cooperation in France : the politics of consumption, 1834-1930. - Ithaca; London : Cornell University Press, 1991 & The sex of things : gender and consumption in historical perspective  Berkeley, 1996.
• Some figures on industrialisation (At Fordham)

• J. Rancière, 'The Nights of Labor: The workers' dream in nineteenth century France, Philadelphia, 1989;
• P. Pilbeam, Republicanism in Nineteenth-Century France, 1814-1871, Basingstoke
• Guest, Ivor, - The ballet of the Second Empire. - London : Pitman (etc.), 1974;
• The Second Empire, 1852-1870 : art in France under Napoleon III. - Philadelphia : The Museum; Detroit; distributed by Wayne State University Pr, 1978.
• Walsh, T. J. (Timothy John),  - Second Empire opera : the Théâtre Lyrique, Paris 1851-1870. - London : Calder, 1981.
• Kulstein, David I. - Napoleon III and the working class : a study of government propaganda – Los Angeles : California State Colleges, 1969.

Tutorial Text:

• Edwards, H. Sutherland (Henry Sutherland), 1828-1906. - Old and new Paris : its history, its people, and its places. - London : Cassell and Co., 1893.
• Use some maps of Paris,
• Frédéric Le Play, On Family, Work and Social Change (ed. Catherine Bodard Silver), pp. 151-65, 283-97.
• Reid, Donald, Paris Sewers and Sewermen: Realities and Representations, Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University Press, 1991.
• Corbin, Alain, Time, Desire and Horror: Towards a History of the Senses, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1997.

• Chapman, Joan Margaret. - The life and times of Baron Haussmann : Paris in the Second Empire. - Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1957.
• Kudlick, Catherine J., Cholera in Post-Revolutionary Paris, A Cultural History, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1996.
• Aisenberg, Andrew R., Contagion: Disease, Government and the 'Social Question in Nineteenth-Century France, Stanford University Press, 1999.
• Fuchs, Rachel S., Poor and Pregnant in Paris: Strategies for survival in the nineteenth century, Rutgers University Press, 1992.
• Ferguson, Priscilla Parkhurst, Paris as Revolution: Writing the nineteenth century city, University of California Press, 1994.
• Harrison, Carol E., The Bourgeois citizen in nineteenth-century France: Gender, Sociability, and the uses of Emulation, Oxford University Press, 1999.
• Harvey, David, Consciousness and the urban experience. - Oxford : Blackwell, 1985.
• Gould, Roger, Insurgent Identities: Class, Community and Protest in Paris from 1848 to the Commune, Chicago: 1996.
• Costanzo, D.P.. - Cityscape and the transformation of Paris during the Second Empire  – Ann Arbor,Mich. : UMI, 1994
• Leonard, Charlene Marie. - Lyon transformed : public works of the Second Empire, 1853-1864. Berkeley : University of California Press, 1961.

Tutorial Texts:

• Said, Edward, Culture and imperialism
• Loti, Pierre, The Desert
• Loti, Pierre, 1850-1923. - Ramuntcho and Aziyade, 1923
• Conklin, Alice L., 'Colonialism and Human Rights, a contradiction in terms?  The case of France and West Africa, 1895-1914', American Historical Review, 103 (1998) 2: 419-43.

• Lally, Frank Edward, 1889-. - French opposition to the Mexican policy of the second empire. - Baltimore, Md. : John Hopkins Press, 1931.
• Alice L. Conklin, A Mission to civilize: The republican idea of empire in France and West Africa, 1895-1930, Palo Alto, Stanford University Press, 1997.
• Dunwoodie, Peter, Writing French Algeria, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998.
• Echenberg, Myron, Colonial Conscripts: The Tirailleurs Sénégalais in French West Africa, 1857-1960, Portsmouth (NH) Heineman, London, James Currey, 1991
• Perkins, Kenneth J., Qaids, Captains and Colons: French Military Administration in the Colonial Maghrib, 1844-1934, New York, Africana Publishing co., 1981.
• Hargreaves, Alec G.. - The colonial experience in French fiction : a study of Pierre Loti, - London : Macmillam, 1981.
• Wake, Clive. - The novels of Pierre Loti. - The Hague : Mouton, 1974
• Loti, Pierre, 1850-1923. - The trail of the barbarians : being "L'outrage des barbares" / tr. by Ford M. - London; New York [etc.] : Longmans, Green and co., 1917.
• Abun-Nasr, Jamil Mir'i. - A history of the Maghrib. - London : Cambridge University Press, 1971
• Alloula, Malek. - The colonial harem,  Manchester University Press, 1986.
• Prochaska, David. - Making Algeria French : colonialism in Bône, 1870-1920. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1990.
• Curtin, Philip D. (Philip Dearmond). - Death by migration : Europe's encounter with the tropical world - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1989.
• Spurr, David, 1949-. - The rhetoric of Empire : colonial discourse in journalism, Durham; London : Duke University Press, 1993.

 

 

Week 6: Reading Week

7. Imperial warfare and diplomacy 1851-1870.

Lecture 5: Order and Disorder in French Political Culture

Tutorial Texts

• Cowley, Henry Richard Charles Wellesley, Earl, - The Paris embassy during the Second Empire - London : Thornton Butterworth, 1928.
• Baxter, Michael Paget, 1834-1910. - Louis Napoleon the destined monarch of the world, and future personal antichrist. - 12th thousand. - London, 1865.
• Mazzini, Giuseppe, 1805-1872. - To Louis Napoleon. - [S.l.], 1858.
• Wright, Gordon, ‘Public Opinion and Conscription in France, 1866-1870’, Journal of Modern History, 14 (1942) 1: 26-45.

Further Readings:

• Aronson, Theo. - Queen Victoria and the Bonapartes. - London : Cassell, 1972.
• Case, Lynn, The Franco-Italian relations 1860-1865
• Barker, Nancy Nichols. - Distaff diplomacy - Austin : Texas University Press, 1967
• Smith, W.A., ‘Napoléon III and the Spanish Revolution of 1868’, Journal of Modern History, (1953) 214-224.
• Steefel, Lawrence D., Bismarck, the Hohenzollern Candidacy and the Origins of the Franco-German War of 1870, Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University Press, 1962.
• Echard, W.E., Napoleon III and the Concert of Europe, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1983.
• Echard, W.E., Foreign Policy of the Second Empire: A bibliography, New York, Greenwood Press, 1988.
• Tombs, Robert. (ed.). Nationhood and Nationalism in France, Harpercollins, 1991.

 

Lecture 6: The French State

Tutorial Texts:

• Napoléon, III, Emperor of the French, 1808-1873. - L'Empire démasqué. - Londres : J. Harrison, 1863.
• Dumas, Alexandre, 1802-1870. - Celebrated crimes. - Boston : Joseph Knight company, 1896
• Zola, L’assommoir
• Terry W. Strieter, ‘The Faceless police of the Second Empire: a social profile of the Gendarmes of mid nineteenth century France’, French History, 8 (1994) 2:167-95.

• Payne, Howard C. - The police state of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, 1851-1860. - Seattle : Washington University Press, 1966.
• Gay, P., The Cultivation of Hatred
• Williams, Roger L. (Roger Lawrence),  Manners and murders in the world of Louis-Napoleon. Seattle; London : University of Washington Press, 1975.
• Isser, Natalie. - The Second Empire and the press : a study of government-inspired brochures - The Hague : Nijhoff, 1974
• Taylor, Katherine Fischer. - In the theater of criminal justice : the Palais de justice in Second Empire. Princeton, N.J.; Chichester : Princeton University Press, 1993.
• O'Brien, Patricia. - The promise of punishment : prisons in nineteenth-century France. - Princeton; Princeton University Press, 1982.

9. Liberals and Legitimists & centralisation and decentralisation: forces of opposition under the empire and representations of the national space.
Lecture 7: The Collapse of the Second Empire: Historiographical issues

Tutorial Texts:

• Wuillot, P. A.. - Louis Napoléon : satire. - Bruxelles, 1852.
• S. Hazareesingh, From Subject to Citizen: The Second Empire and the Emergence of Modern French Democracy, Princeton, 1998;
• Vandam, Albert D. (Albert Dresden), 1843-1903. - Undercurrents of the second empire : notes and recollections. - London : William Heineman, 1897.
• Senior, Nassau William, 1790-1864. - Conversations with distinguished persons during the second empire, from 1860. - London : Hurst and Blackett, 1880
• Rifkin, Adrian and Roger Thomas (eds.), Voices of the People: The Social Life of la Sociale at the End of the Second Empire, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988.
• Richard L. Sullivan ‘French Legitimists and the Politics of Abstention, 1830-1870’, French Historical Studies, 20 (1997) 4:635-664

Further Readings:

• Charlton, D. G. (Donald Geoffrey), 1925-. - Positivist thought in France during the Second Empire, 1852-1870.
• P. G. Nord, The Republican Moment.' Struggles for Democracy in Nineteenth Century France, Cambridge (Mass.), 1995;
• Kale, Steven D., ‘The Monarchy According to the King: The Ideological content of the Drapeau Blanc, 1871-3’, French History, 2 (1988)4: 399-426.
• Cubitt, Geoffrey, ‘Memory and Fidelity in French Legitimism: Crétineau Joly and the Vendée’, Nineteenth Century Contexts, an interdisciplinary journal, 21 (2000) 4: 593-610.
• T. Zeldin, The Political system of Napoleon III, London, 1958 & Émile Ollivier and the Liberal Empire, Oxford, 1963.
• Weisz, George, The Emergence of Modern Universities in France, 1863-1914, Princeton University Press, 1983.
• Stone, Judith F., Sons of the Revolution: Radical Democrats in France 1862-1914, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1996.
• Suleiman, Ezra N., Private Power and Centralization in France: The Notaires and the State, Princeton University Press, 1987.

10. 4 September Republic and its enemies: challenges to the new power
Lecture 8: Republicanism and Republicans, Socialism and Socialists

Tutorial Texts:

• Léon Gambetta (1838-82): The Belleville Manifesto, 1869
• É. Zola, The Debacle
• For any work on the war and the Commune of Paris The NorthWestern University Collections form a site you must use!
• M. Howard, The Franco-Prussian War: the German Invasion of France, 1870-1871, New York, 1990
• Barker, Nancy Nichols, ‘Napoleon III and the Hohenzollern Candidacy for the Spanish Throne’, The Historian, 29 (1967) 421-50.
• Taithe, B. Citizenship and War: France in Turmoil, 1870-1871, Routledge, 2001 (in the seminar library)

• R.V. Gould, Insurgent Identities.' Class, Community and Protest in Paris from 1848 to the
• Commune, Chicago, 1996;
• Guthrie, Christopher E., ‘The Battle for the Third Republic in the arrondissement of Narbonne’, French History, 2 (1988) 1:45-73.
• Guthrie, Christopher E., Émile Digeon and Socialism in the Narbonnais, French History, 12 (1998) 1:43-67.
• L. Greenberg, Sisters of Liberty.' Marseille, Lyon, Paris and the Reaction to the
• Centralized State, Cambridge (Mass), 1971;
• Hooper, George, 1824-1890. - The campaign of Sedan : the downfall of the second empire. August-September,. - London : G. Bell and sons, 1887.
• Roberts, J. M. G., The Paris Commune from the Right, English Historical Review Supplement 6, Longman, 1973.
• Sanchez, Gonzalo J., ‘The challenge of Right-wing Caricature Journals: from the Commune Amnesty Campaign to the End of Censorship, 1878-1881’, French History, 10 (1996) 4: 451-89.
• Taithe, B.  Defeated Flesh, Manchester U.P. 1999.
• Förster, Stig and Jörg Nagler (eds), On the Road to Total War: The American Civil War and the German Wars of Unification, 1861-1871, German Historical Institute (Washington D.C.) series, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
• Challener, Richard D., The French Theory of the Nation in Arms, 1866-1939, New York, Columbia University Press, 1965.
• Corbin, Alain, The Village of Cannibals: Rage and Murder in France, 1870, Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University Press, 1992.

11. Communes of Province, Commune of Paris
Lecture 9: A New Imperial Republic?

Tutorial Texts:

• Bakunin on the Commune:
• Various anarchistic interpretations of the Commune but also Lenin & Marx:
• a chronology of the Commune
• Marx on the commune and the Commune and the international Association
• Tombs, R. The Commune of Paris, Longman, 1999.
• Jenny Marx's Escape from France
• Tombs, Robert, ‘Prudent Rebels: The Second Arrondissement during the Paris Commune of 1871’, French History, 5 (1991) 4: 393-413.
• Nord, Philip G., ‘The Party of Conciliation and the Paris Commune’, French Historical Studies, 15:1 (1987)1-35.

Further Readings:

• M.P. Johnson, The Paradise of Association.' Political Culture and Popular Organization in the Paris Commune of 1871, Ann Arbor, 1996;
• Kamenka, Eugene, Paradigm for Revolution? The Paris Commune, 1871-1971, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1972.
• Katz, Philip M., From Appomattox to Montmartre: Americans and the Paris Commune, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1998.
• R. Tombs, The War Against Paris, 1871, Cambridge, 1981; &France, 1814-1914, London, 1996
• Edwards, Stewart, The Paris Commune 1871, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1971.
• Greenberg, Louis, Sisters of Liberty: Marseille, Lyon, Paris and the Reaction to the Centralized State, Cambridge (Mass), Harvard University Press, 1971.
• Horne, Alistair, The Fall of Paris, The Siege and the Commune 1870-1, The Reprint Society, 2nd edn, 1967.
• Johnson, Martin Philip, ‘Citizenship and Gender: The Légion des Fédérés in the Paris Commune of 1871’, French History, 8 (1994) 3: 276-95.
• Schulkind, Eugene (ed.), The Paris Commune of 1871: The Point of View of the Left, Jonathan Cape, 1972.
• Schulkind, Eugene, ‘Socialist Women in the 1871 Paris Commune’, Past and Present, 106 (1985) 124-63.
• Tombs, Robert, ‘Prudent Rebels: The Second Arrondissement during the Paris Commune of 1871’, French History, 5 (1991) 4: 393-413.
• Tombs, Robert, ‘L’année Terrible, 1870-1871’, The Historical Journal, 35 (1992) 3: 713-24.

 

12. Race, and Images of otherness: the new Colonial Empire.
Lecture 10: Citizenship and Exclusion

Tutorial Texts:

• Jules ferry on Colonial expansion
• Jules Ferry's speech of July 28 1883
• Biddiss, Michael D. (Michael Denis), - Father of racist ideology : the social and political thought of Count Gobineau - London : Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970
• Images of race / edited with an introduction by Michael D. Biddiss; articles. - (Leicester) : Leicester University Press, 1979
• Biddiss, M. Gobineau, Selected writings, 1970.
• Aldrich, Robert, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion, Macmillan, 1996,

Further Readings:

• Cooke, James Jerome. - New French imperialism, 1880-1910 : the Third Republic and colonial expansion - Newton Abbot : David and Charles, 1973.
• Power, Thomas Francis, 1916-. - Jules Ferry and the renaissance of French imperialism - New York : Octagon Books,
• Domesticating the empire  - Charlottesville; London : University Press of Virginia, 1998.
• Pao, Angela Chia-yi. - The Orient of the boulevards -Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998
• Cohen, William B, 1941- Rulers of empire, the French colonial service in Africa. - (Stanford, Calif.) : Hoover Institution Press, 1971.
• Betts, Raymond F. Tricouleur : the French overseas empire. - London : Gordon and Cremonesi, 1978.

13. Women in France 1850-1900
Lecture 11: Religion, State and Secularism

Tutorial Texts:

• French connections : voices from the women's movement in France - London : Hutchinson, 1987
• Schulkind, Eugene, ‘Socialist Women in the 1871 Paris Commune’, Past and Present, 106 (1985) 124-63.
• Zola, E., Nana
• Flaubert, G., Madame Bovary
• Colin Heywood, ‘On Learning Gender Roles during Childhood in Nineteenth-Century France’ , French History, 5 (1991) 4:451-66.
• Barry, David, ‘Hermance Leguillon (1812-1882): The diversity of French Feminism in the Nineteenth Century’, French History, 13 (1999) 381-416.
• Barry, David, 'Community, Tradition and Memory among Rebel Working-Class Women of Paris, 1830, 1848, 1871', European Review of History-Revue Européenne d'histoire, 7 (2000) 2:261-76.

Further Readings:

• Hause, Steven C., Hubertine Auclert: The French Suffragette, Yale University Press, 1987.
• G. Gullickson, Unruly Women of Paris.' Images of the Commune, Ithaca, 1996;
• Sowerwine, Charles. - Sisters or citizens? : women and socialism in France since 1876. - Cambridge :Cambridge University Press, 1982
• Strumingher, Laura S.. - Women and the making of the working class : Lyon 1830-1870. - St. Albans, Vt. : Eden Press, 1979.
• Hilden, Patricia. - Working women and socialist politics in France 1880-1914 : a regional study. – Oxford : Clarendon, 1986.
• McMillan, James F, 1948-. - Housewife or harlot : the place of women in French society 1870-1940 James. - New York : St Martins Press, 1981
• Hunt, Lynn ed.,  Eroticism and the body politic - Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
• Scott, Joan Wallach. - Only paradoxes to offer : French feminists and the rights of man, Cambridge, Mass.; London : Harvard University Press, 1996.
• Harvey, Joy, ‘Medicine and Politics: Dr Mary Putman Jacobi and the Paris Commune’, Dialectical Anthropology, 15 (1990) 107-17.
• Sussman, George, Selling Mothers’ Milk: The Wet-Nursing Business in France, 1715-1914, Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1982.
• Gordon, Felicia, The Integral Feminist: Madelein Pelletier, 1874-1939, Polity Press, 1990.
• Accampo, Elinor A., Rachel G. Fuchs, Mary Lynn Stewart, Gender and the Politics of Social Reform in France, 1870-1914, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
• Sowerwine, Charles, Sisters or Citizens? Women and Socialism since 1876, Cambridge University Press, 1982.

14. Catholics and Secularists: the religious question, 1860-1900
Tutorial Texts:

• Smith, Timothy B. ‘Republicans, Catholics and Social Reform: Lyon, 1870-1920’ , French History, 12 (1998) 3: 246-75.
• Schultheiss, Katrin, ‘Gender and the Limits of Anticlericalism: the Secularization of Hospital Nursing in France, 1880-1914’, French History¸ 12 (1998) 3: 229-45.
• Curtis, Sarah, ‘Supply and Demand: Religious Schooling in Nineteenth Century France’, History of Education Quarterly, 39 1 (1999), 51-72.
• Gibson, Ralph, 'Hellfire and Damnation in Nineteenth Century France', Catholic Historical Review, 74 (1988) 3:383-402.
• Rerum Novarum
• The Syllabus of Errors
• E. Renan, The life of Jesus
• E. Durkheim, On Suicide,

Further Readings:
 

• Larkin, Maurice. - Church and State after the Dreyfus Affair : the separation issue in France. - London : Macmillan, 1974.
• Larkin, Maurice, Religion, Politics and Preferment in France since 1890, Cambridge University Press, 1995.
• Auspitz, Katherine. - The radical bourgeoisie : the Ligue de l'enseignement, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1982.
• Kselman, Thomas A., Miracles and Prophecies in Nineteenth-Century France, Rutgers University Press, 1983.
• Delvin, Judith, The Superstitious Mind: French Peasants and the Supernatural in the Nineteenth Century, Yale University Press, 1987
• Ford, Caroline. - Creating the nation in provincial France : religion and political identity - Princeton, N.J.; Princeton University Press, 1993.
• Steven D. Kale, ‘French Scientific materialism and the liturgy of death: The invention of a secular version of Catholic Last Rites (1876-1914)Idem, 665-702.
• Special issue of religion and violence in French Historical Studies, 21 (1998) 1.
• Hudson Meadwell, ‘The Catholic Church and the Breton Language in the Third Republic’, French History, 5 (1991) 3:325-44.
• Jones, R. A., ’Monuments as Ex-voto, Monuments as Historiography: The Basilica of Sacré Coeur’, French Historical Studies, 18:2 (1993) 482-502.
• Jonas, Raymond A., ‘Anxiety, Identity, and the Displacement of Violence during the Année Terrible: The Sacred Heart and the Diocese of Nantes, 1870-1871’, French historical Studies, 21 (1998) 1: 55-76.
• Driskel, Michael Paul. - Representing belief : religion, art, and society in ninteenth-century France. - University Park, Pa. : Pennsylvania State University Press, 1992.
• Phillips, C S. - The Church And France,1848-1907, 1936.
• Mitchell, Allan. - Victors and vanquished : the German influence on army and church in France. – Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
• Gibson, Ralph, 1943-. - A social history of French Catholicism : 1789-1914. - London : Routledge, 1989
• Sutton, Michael, 1942-. - Nationalism, positivism and Catholicism : the politics of Charles Maurras. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1982

15. The Repressive Republic: police and policed, gender and crime in the Third Republic

Lecture 12: Modernity, Lieux de Mémoire and the Problems of History

Tutorial Texts:

• Kropotkin, Petr Alekseevich, Kniaz', 1842-1921. - In Russian and French prisons. - New York : Schocken Books, 1971
• E. Zola, The Beast in Man [La bête humaine]
• Wright, Gordon, Between the Guillotine and Liberty: Two Centuries of the Crime Problem in France, Oxford University Press, 1983.

• R. Harris, Murders and Madness: Medicine, Law and Society in the Fin-de-Siècle, Oxford,
• 1989.
• R. Nye, Crime, Madness and Politics in Modern France: The Medical Concept of National Decline, Princeton, 1984;
• Ann-Louise Shapiro, Breaking the Codes: Female Criminality in Fin-de-siècle Paris, Stanford University Press, 1996.
• Ripa, Yannick. - Women and madness : the incarceration of women in nineteenth-century France. - Cambridge : Polity Press, 1990.
• Corbin, Alain, 1936-. - Women for hire : prostitution and sexuality in France after 1850 / Cambridge, Mass.;  Harvard University Press, 1990
• Bernheimer, Charles. - Figures of ill repute : representing prostitution in nineteenth-century France -
• Cambridge, Mass.Harvard University Press, 1989.
• O'Brien, Patricia. - The promise of punishment : prisons in nineteenth-century France. - Princeton; Princeton University Press, 1982.

16. From la France Nouvelle to the republican Utopia: Universal exhibitions and images
of France 1867, 1889, 1900.
Lecture 13: The Political Culture of the Third Republic

Tutorial Texts:

• Emile Zola, Savage Paris.
• Cassell's Guide To Paris And The Universal Exhibition Of 1900, Cassell, 1900.
• Sala, George Augustus, 1828-1895. - Notes and sketches of the Paris exhibition. - London : Tinsley brothers, 1868
• Anglo-Parisian. - Paris by day & night : a book for the exhibition. - London : Ward & Downey, 1889.
• Timothy B. Smith, ‘The Plight of the Able Bodied Poor and the Unemployed in Urban France, 1880-1914’, European History Quarterly, Vol 30, 2, April 2000, pp.147-85.
• Margadant, Ted. W. 'Tradition and Modernity in Rural France during the Nineteenth Century’, Journal of Modern History 56 (1984) 667-97.

• Prestwich, Patricia E., - Drink and the politics of social reform : antialcoholism in France since 1870. - Palo Alto, Calif. : Society for the Promotion of Science and Scholarship, 1988.
• Jullian, Philippe. - The triumph of Art Nouveau : Paris exhibition, 1900 - London: Phaidon Press, 1974.
• Agulhon, Maurice. - Marianne into battle : Republican imagery and symbolism in France 1789-1880. -Cambridge University Press; Paris; Editions de la Maison des Sci, 1981.
• English, Donald E.. - Political uses of photography in the Third French Republic, 1871-1914. - Ann Arbor : UMI Research Press, 1984.
• Mainardi, Patricia. - The end of the Salon : art and the state in the early Third Republic. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1993
• Haine, W. Scott, The World of the Paris Café: Sociability among the French Working Class, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.
• English, Donald, The Political Uses of Photography in the Third Republic, Ann Arbor, UMI Research Press, 1984.

17. Troubled Parliamentarianism: the rise of party politics? National and local democratic
practices.

Tutorial Texts:
 A few political cartoons

• Weiss, J.H., ‘Origins of the French Welfare State: Poor Relief in the Third Republic, 1871-1914’ French Historical Studies, 13 (1983) 1: 47-78.
• Sanchez, Gonzalo J., ‘The challenge of Right-wing Caricature Journals: from the Commune Amnesty Campaign to the End of Censorship, 1878-1881’, French History, 10 (1996) 4: 451-89.
• Gustave Le Bon: The Crowd

• Jones, H. S., H. Stuart. - The French state in question : public law and political argument -Cambridge University Press, 1993. –
• Nye, Robert A. - The origins of crowd psychology : Gustave Le Bon and the crisis of mass democracy – London (etc.) : Sage Publications, 1975.
• Rothney, John. - Bonapartism after Sedan. - Ithaca : Cornell University Press, 1969.
• P. Hutton, The Cult of the Revolutionary Tradition.' The Blanquists in French politics, 1864-1893, Berkeley, 1981;
• Grubb, Alan, 1941-. - The politics of pessimism : Albert de Broglie and conservative politics Newark : University of Delaware Press; 1996
• Brown, Marvin Luther. - The Comte de Chambord : the Third Republic's uncompromising king. - Durham, N.C. : Duke University Press, 1967.
• Tombs, Robert (ed.) Nationhood and Nationalism in France from Boulangism to the Great War, 1889-1918, 1991.
• Magraw, Roger A History of the French Working Class, Oxoford, Blackwell, 2 vols., 1992.
• Locke, Robert R., French Legitimists and the Politics of Moral Order in the Early Third Republic, Princeton University Press, 1974.
• Jones, P.M. Politics and Rural Society: The Southern Massif Central c. 1750-1880, Cambridge University Press, 1985.
• Giesberg, Robert I., The Treaty of Frankfurt: a study in Diplomatic History, September 1870-September 1873, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1966.

18. The Third republic defended: education and ideals.

Lecture 14: Extremes and Parties in French Politics

Tutorial Texts:

• Auspitz, Katherine, The Radical Bourgeoisie: The ‘Ligue de l’Enseignement’ and the Origins of the Third Republic, 1866-1885, Cambridge University Press, 1982.
• Anderson, R. D., Education in France, 1848-1870, Oxford, The Clarendon Press, 1975.
• Cooper, S.E., ‘Pacifism in France, 1889-1914: International Peace as a Human Right’ French Historical Studies, 17 (1991) 2:359-86.
• Parry, D.L.L., ‘Friends in High Places: The Favour sought by the Freemasons of Orléans’, French History, 12 (1998) 2:195-212.
• Anderson, Benedict, Imagined Communities, Verso, 2nd edn, 1991, ch. 11.

• .Bury, J. P. T. (John Patrick Tuer), 1908-1987. - Gambetta and the making of the Third Republic. - (Harlow) : Longman, 1973
• Ellis, Jack D.. - The physician-legislators of France – Cambridge, 1990.
• Lebovics, Herman. - The alliance of iron and wheat in the Third French Republic, 1860-1914 : or. – Baton Rouge; London : Louisiana State University Press, 1988
• Elwitt, Sanford. - The Third Republic defended : bourgeois reform in France, 1880-1914. - Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, 1986.
• Guildea, Robert, Education in provincial France, 1800-1914, A Study of Three Departments, Clarendon Press, 1983
• Grew, Raymond & Patrick J. Harrigan, School state and Society: The growth of elementary schooling in C19 France- a quantitative analysis, Ann Arbor, U of Michigan Press, 1991.
• Shapiro, Ann-Louise, Housing the Poor of Paris, 1850-1902, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1985.
• R. Magraw France, 1815-1914: The Bourgeois Century (1983)
• J. McManners Church and State in France, 1870-1914 (1972)
• Bury, J. P. T., 1908-1987. - Gambetta's final years : the era of difficulties 1877-1882.

 London : Longman, 1982

Lecture 15: Class and Economics

Tutorial Texts

• The Anarchist challenge see On Bakunin.
• Dreyfus, Pierre,  - Dreyfus : his life and letters. - London : Hutchinson, 1937.
• Zola, Émile, 1840-1902. - The Dreyfus affair : "J'Accuse" and other writings  - New Haven; London : Yale University Press, 1996.
• Barlow, George - A history of the Dreyfus case - London : Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., 1899.
• Conybeare, F. C. (Frederick Cornwallis), - The Dreyfus case-  London : G. Allen, 1898.
• Dreyfus, Alfred, 1859-1935. - Five years of my life - London : G. Newnes, 1901
• Zola, Emile, 1840-1902. - The Dreyfus case. - New York : Lane, 1898.

Further Readings

• Cahm, Eric. - The Dreyfus affair in French society and politics. - London; New York : Longman, 1996.
• Griffiths, Richard, 1935-. - The use of abuse : the polemics of the Dreyfus Affair and its aftermath. -
• Oxford : Berg, 1991.
• Curtis, Michael. - Three against the Third Republic : Sorel, Barrès, and Maurras. - Westport, Conn : Greenwood Press.
• Paléologue, Maurice,  - My secret diary of the Dreyfus case, 1894-1899. - London : Secker & Warburg, 1957.
• Irvine, William D.. - The Boulanger Affair reconsidered, Oxford University Press, 1989.
• Harding, James, - The astonishing adventure of General Boulanger. - London : W.H. Allen, 1971.
• Nationhood and nationalism in France : from Boulangism to the Great War, - London : HarperCollins, 1991.
• Burns, Michael, - Rural society and French politics : Boulangism and the Dreyfus affair 1886-1. - Princeton University Press, 1984.
• Lindemann, Albert S.. - The Jew accused : three anti-Semitic affairs (Dreyfus, Beilis, Frank), 1894-. Cambridge University Press, 1991.
• The Dreyfus affair : art, truth and justice / edited by Norman L. Kleeblatt. - Berkeley; London : University of California Press, 1987.
• Wilson, Stephen. - Ideology and experience : antisemitism in France at the time of the Dreyfus. - New
• Jersey : Associated University Presses, 1982
• Chapman, Guy. - The Dreyfus trials. - London : Batsford, 1972
• Johnson, Martin P.. - The Dreyfus affair : honour and politics in the Belle Époque. - Basingstoke :Macmillan, 1999.

20. The Third Republic State, Intellectuals and the rise of class politics.
Lecture 16: National Decadence?

• É. Zola, Germinal at At Eldritch Press]
• Nias, Hilary. - The artificial self : the psychology of Hippolyte Taine. - Oxford : Legenda, 1999.
• Taine, H., - Journeys Through France, 1897. & Biography
• Jackson, J. Hampden. - Jean Jaures : his life and work. - London : Allen & Unwin, 1943
• Goldberg, Harvey. - The life of Jean Jaurès. - Madison; London : University of Wisconsin Press, 1962.
• Jaurès, Jean. - Studies in socialism. - London : Independent Labour Party, 1906.
• Lebovics, Herman, True France: The Wars over Cultural Identity, 1900-1945, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1992.
• Langford, Rachael, Jules Vallès and the Narration of History: Contesting the French Third Republic in the Jacques Vingtras trilogy, Bern, Peter Lang, 1999.
• Crossley, Ceri, French Historians and Romanticism: Thierry, Guizot, The Saint-Simonians, Quinet, Michelet, Routledge, 1993.

• Charles Tilly, ‘Did the Cake of Custom Break?, in John Merriman (ed.) Consciousness and Class Experience in Nineteenth Century Europe, New York, Holmes and Meier, 1979, pp. 17-44.
• Chansons de la revanche et de la Grande Guerre / rassemblées et présentées Par F. Roth - [Nancy] : Presses Universitaires de Nancy, 1985.
• Weber, Eugen. - The nationalist revival in France, 1905-1914. - Berkeley : University of California Press, 1959.
• Sahlins, Peter, Boundaries: The Making of France and Spain in the Pyrenees , Berkeley, University of California Press,  1989.
• Weber, Eugen. - Peasants into Frenchmen : the modernization of rural France, 1870-1914. - London : Chatto and Windus, 1977.
• Troyansky, David G., ‘Monumental Politics: National History and Local Memory in French Monuments aux Morts in the Department of Aisne since 1870’, French Historical Studies, 15 (1987) 1: 121-41.
• Silverman, Dan P., Reluctant Union: Alsace Lorraine and Imperial Germany, 1871-1918, Harrisburg, Pennsylviana University Press, 1972.
• Beck, Thomas D. and Martha W. Beck, French Notables: Reflections of Industrialization and Regionalism, New York, Peter Lang, 1987.
• Brustein, William, The Social Origins of Political Regionalism, France 1849-1981, University of California Press, 1988.
• Baycroft, Timothy, ‘Changing Identities in the Franco-Belgian Borderland in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries’, French History, 13 (1999) 417-38.
• Baker, Alan R.H., Fraternity among the French Peasantry:Sociability and Voluntary Associations in the Loire Valley, 1815-1914, Cambridge University Press, 1999.

 

• Diplomacy:
• The Russian alliance
• The entente cordiale

• Tutorial Texts:
• Have a look at the work of Maupassant, and Huysmans
• Zola, Émile,  The experimental novel : and other essays
• Weber, Eugen, France, Fin-de-Siècle, Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University Press, 1986.
• Schneider, William H., Quality and Quantity: The Quest for Biological Regeneration in Twentieth-Century France, Cambridge University Press, 1989.

• Further Readings:
• D. Pick, Faces of Degeneration: A European Disorder , Cambridge, 1989; War Machine: The Rationalisation of Slaughter in the Modern Age, New Haven, 1993.
• E. Weber, France, Fin-de-Siècle, Cambridge (Mass.), 1986;
• Elaine Showalter , Sexual Anarchy: Gender and Culture at the Fin-de-Siècle, New York,Viking, 1990.
• Calinescu, Matei. - Faces of modernity : avant-garde, decadence, kitsch. - Bloomington; London : Indiana University Press, 1977.
• Birkett, Jennifer. - The sins of the fathers : decadence in France, 1870-1914. - London : Quartet, 1986
• Hansen, Eric C.. - Disaffection and decadence : a crisis in French intellectual thought, 1848-1. - Washington : University Press of America, 1982.
• Hurley, Kelly. - The Gothic body : sexuality, materialism, and degeneration at the fin de siècle. - Cambridge University Press, 1996
• Kaplan, Robert Elliot, Forgotten Crisis: The Fin-de-Siècle Crisis of Democracy in France, Berg, 1995.
• Schwartz, Vanessa R., Spectacular Realities: Early Mass Culture in Fin-de-siècle Paris, University of California Press, 1998.

Attendance at lectures and seminars is compulsory.
 
 
 

Essay questions:
The documents and the essay titles will be negotiated between students and tutor in accordance with the course's aims and objectives.

Examination sample